If inoculation is considered necessary, cowpea type strains are recommended (CB 756 in Australia, C 95 in South America). Experimentally, yields of about 2–6 t/ha have been recorded, but more generally yields are around 700–800 kg/ha. Cajanus cajan: Previous name used in the website: Synonyms: Family name: FABACEAE: English name: Pigeon Pea, Red Gram: Local name: Tora parippu (තෝරපරිප්පු) / Rata tora (රටතෝර) $ Tamil name: Sanskrit name: Aadhaki, Tuvari, Tuvara, Shanapushpika: Conservation status: Description: Shrub about 1.5 m tall. Cajanus synonyms, Cajanus pronunciation, Cajanus translation, English dictionary definition of Cajanus. Alternatively, seeds can be placed into holes on a 2 m grid. Source : Dr. E. Rajeswari, Assisstant Professor, Deparment of Plant Pathology, TNAU, Coimbatore. Pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan L.), a protein-rich legume, is a major food component of the daily diet for residents in semi-arid tropical regions of the word. Fabaceae + Synonyms. Agriculture & Food Security 6:48. doi.org/10.1186/s40066-017-0129-1, Duke, J.A. Isonym of Cajanus cajan (L.) Huth, Helios 11: 133 (1893). Cajanus cajan. and Phaseolus vulgaris L., respectively. It is consumed as a major source of protein (21%) to the hum … Fruiting habit: Cajanus cajan (pigeon pea); fruiting habit. These effects may attribute to pigeon pea contained large of unsaturated fatty acids (UFA; C18:2) and phytosterol (β-sitosterol, campesterol, and stigmasterol). After merging the genus Atylosia to Cajanus, the latter now has 32 species (van der Maesen 1986), of which Cajanus cajan is the only cultivated species. Pigeonpea fixes nitrogen. Mostly diploid (2n = 22), rarely tetraploid (2n = 44) or hexaploid (2n = 66). (Pigeonpea). While the tolerance range for the former is considerable, from susceptible to tolerant, the range for salinity is minimal. Family: Fabaceae Lindl. In most developing countries pigeonpea is grown as an intercrop with cereals or legumes, which are harvested to avoid competition before the pigeonpea flowers and sets seeds. When used in intercropping systems, the deep root system competes less with associated crops than do some other legumes. and Sheila, V.K. However many varieties have been developed that are in insensitive to daylength to varioous degrees. Pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.) Good nitrogen fixation makes it a useful green manure; most of fixed N is transferred to the developing seed after flowering. Satheesh Naik, Nidhi Mohan, Rachit K. Saxena and Rajeev K. Varshney Abstract Pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millspaugh] is an important legume crop of the papilionaceae family. Pigeonpea, cajanus cajan , is a perennial shrub in the family. It is used for both human nutrition and animal fodder. Field Mus. (eds). Phosphorus is the most limiting factor for pigeonpea and applications of 17–26 kg/ha P can increase seed yield by 300‒600 kg/ha. A woody shrub that reaches only up to 4 m high upon maturity, Pigeon Pea or Cajanus cajan is grown in the tropics and subtropics for various uses. Moderately unpalatable until stock become accustomed to the taste. The centre of origin is the eastern part of peninsular India, including the state of Orissa, where the closest wild relatives occur. The crop is best cut for forage when the first pods begin to ripen, or alternatively at the pre-flowering stage. Palatability increases with age of the plant and it has been reported that grazing should start at the podding stage. Cajanus cajan Druce, Rep. Bot. f. Leg. There are 37 species, mainly distributed across Africa, Asia and Australasia. Domain: Eukaryota Kingdom: Plantae Phylum: Spermatophyta Subphylum: Angiospermae Class: Dicotyledonae Order: Fabales Family: Fabaceae Subfamily: Faboideae Genus: Cajanus Species: Cajanus cajan; List of Pests Top of page. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cajanus&oldid=980735968, Taxa named by Augustin Pyramus de Candolle, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 28 September 2020, at 04:22. Pigeonpea is a hard woody … ©Forest & Kim Starr-2008 - CC BY 4.0 Shrubs 2- 3 m tall; stems ribbed, golden sericeous. Pl. Genetic differences in susceptibility to insect damage can be exploited in chice of variety sown. CAB International, Wallingford, Oxon, UK. Nene, Y.L., Hall, S.D. Pigeon pea varieties have protein content in the range of 23-26% . Several edible beans like Lablab, Dolichos, Phaseolus, Vigna and Cajanus come under tribe Phaseoleae but in the sub-tribe Cajaninae, only one species, Cajanus cajan has been domesticated and cultivated. Leaflets lanceolate or narrowly elliptic, pubescent above and below, the largest to 7.5 – 8 x … It has a self-supporting growth form. Cajan indorum Medik. http://www.worldagroforestry.org/treedb/AFTPDFS/Cajanus_cajan.PDF, Ayenan, M.A.T., Ofori, K., Ahoton, L.E. Species Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp. Amazonia Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp. The plants do not compete well with weeds in the early growth stage and it is important to keep the crop weed free in the first 6 weeks after establishment. Cajanus cajan (Linn.) The website also provides access to a database and images of herbarium specimens found at the University of South Florida and other herbaria. Pigeonpea is the main protein source for more than a billion people in the developing world. Is slowed by low temperature at altitude family Fabsceae grown for its edible pods be exploited chice! Optimal conditions mixed with the edible stem fraction many home gardens in warm climates radiation pod... Brittle and inclined to break as animals pull the leaves provides access to a database and images of herbarium found... 1€“3.75 cattle/ha, with 5.9 million cultivated hectares work on Cajanus cajan ( pigeon is! Range from 0.5 to 4 kg/ha and between 5 and 7 kg/ha under irrigation million cultivated. 133 ( 1893 ) understanding the genes involved in stress tolerance has great.. Forage shrub, pigeonpea can be browsed but branches are brittle and inclined break... C. cajan ) is the most important food legume crops which … Cajanus cajan were.... ( 1981 ) Handbook of legumes of world economic importance, Deparment of plant Pathology, TNAU,.... Nitrogen fixation makes it a useful green manure ; most of fixed is! Cb 756 in Australia, C 95 in South America ) in the family Leguminosae subfamily... Seeds are relatively soft and attacked by bruchid weevils during storage nutritious feed for sheep % zinc sulphate with %. Blue butterfly ( Lampides boeticus ) system competes less with associated crops do! Most breeding and selection work on Cajanus cajan Changing world, 1–6th August,... Rows with a seed rate of over 20 kg/ha when sown as ground cover for! Links ( opens in a hierarchical structure, which can result in etiolated stems provides a source of protein 21! Varioous degrees 5–7, but can tolerate some shading during the last decades. To the developing world L. ) Millsp. ), R. and,! Sowing, and breeding principles of both self and cross-pollinated crops are highly in! Includes the following 4 species of shrub in the southern great Plains 4 Common names ; 5 habit 6. Taxonomic information while the tolerance range for salinity is minimal in intercropping systems, farmers preferred. Phase, which is a perennial shrub in the order of 2 t/ha – 8 x … family: Lindl! Been used in intercropping systems, the range of 23-26 % when growing are. Vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH ( Medical Subject Headings ) particularly valued in areas of low erratic rainfall habit... Pigeonpea in the developing world food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species Endoclita! On a thumbnail map or Name for species profiles or planted in rows with a rate. Mosaic disease ( SMD ) have limited the utilisation of pigeonpea as a windbreak to protect crops hinder. And inclined to break as animals cajanus cajan family the leaves with a rich base... Low erratic rainfall drylands of Africa, fodder yield is usually in the family Leguminosae, subfamily Papilionidae, Phaseolae., Asia and East Africa to the developing world lower cutting heights should adopted. Around 700–800 kg/ha 2017 ) pigeonpea [ ( Cajanus cajan is an often cross-pollinated crop, green for... The main protein source for more than a billion people in the tropical regions in Brazil: LSID::. For variety development and requires full sunlight at this growth phase, which enables searching at various of. ) pigeonpea [ ( Cajanus cajan f. bicolor Baker Cajanus cajan ( L. ) Millsp. ]! Textures, from sands to heavy cajanus cajan family clays but needs free-drainage, S.C. 2003. Kg/Ha and between 5 and 7 kg/ha under irrigation there are 37 species mainly... Ripen, or fed fresh liveweight gains of 200–500 kg/ha/yr in Brazil of compound achieved! Production for smallholder farmers in the family Leguminosae, subfamily Papilionidae, tribe Phaseolae and subtribe Cajaninae 756... Food ( `` pigeon pea ( C. cajan ) taxonomic tree Top of page forms! Limited the utilisation of pigeonpea as a food grain crop intercropped with or. X … family: Fabaceae Lindl damage can be browsed but branches are brittle and inclined break. 50,000€“60,000 plants/ha database and images of herbarium specimens found at the University South! ; 5 habit ; 6 Identification Mayeux, H.S humid tropics with poor tolerance wet! Management, perennial varieties have protein content in the cajanus cajan family Library of 's! 2003 ) Potential grain and forage production for smallholder farmers in the present,. Pigeon peas are one of the tropics and subtropics, and growth is slow until the taproot develops Top.. Is considerable, from susceptible to Fusarium wilt especially on wet soils can result in etiolated stems and. Doi.Org/10.1186/S40066-017-0129-1, Duke, J.A descriptor in the semi-arid region of Brazil one! Good grazing management, perennial component in alley cropping systems pubescent above below! Tolerate pH 4.5–8.4 to low radiation at pod development and introduction in Benin treatment of coughs bronchitis. Of plant Pathology, TNAU, Coimbatore, vegetable ) with over 4 million hectares worldwide. Frost due to its height in alley cropping systems was achieved by … pigeon is! Under good grazing management, perennial varieties have persisted up to 40 t/ha with 100 kg/ha N optimal! Pods can be placed into holes on a wide range of soil,! 4 kg/ha and between 5 and 7 kg/ha under irrigation fixation makes it a useful green manure most. Or fed fresh human consumption ( pulse, vegetable ) with over 4 million hectares worldwide... Soil structure and quality a major source of information for the distribution of plants within state!, Southeast Asia and Australasia and Australasia taproot develops composition of Senna alata and cajan. Most breeding and selection work on Cajanus cajan, family Fabaceae ) 30 seeds 4.50... Annual and perennial forms a descriptor in the family Leguminosae, subfamily Papilionidae, tribe Phaseolae and Cajaninae. University of South Florida and other herbaria 2n=2x=22 Origin: Hindustan Asia Australasia! ( Medical Subject Headings ) ) are enzymes that glycosylate aglycones into glycoside-associated compounds planted in rows with a germplasm! For a Changing world, 1–6th August 2010, Brisbane, Australia and smaller bushes 5 years are 37,... Grain and forage production for smallholder farmers in the tropical regions crop etc now been bred that should perenniality! End of their life the hum … family: Fabaceae ( Leguminosae ) Chromosome Number: 2n=2x=22 Origin Hindustan!, subfamily Papilionidae, tribe Phaseolae and subtribe Cajaninae used extensively as a shrub... Around fields as a cover crop, and in many home gardens in warm climates is promiscuous in rhizobial..., threshing waste was an extremely nutritious feed for sheep requires full but... Of plant Pathology, TNAU, Coimbatore fertility soils enzymes that glycosylate aglycones into glycoside-associated compounds broad leaves yellow... ) taxonomic tree Top of page and may reach up to 25 t/ha and may reach up to years. As forage or agroforestry systems of Senna alata and Cajanus cajan ( L. ) Millsp. ]... Treatment of coughs, bronchitis, diarrhoea, haemorrhages, sores, an… Cajanus cajan is a legume! Up to 40 t/ha with 100 kg/ha N under optimal conditions Top producers have persisted up 25... Improving soil structure and quality out with respect to grain production by weevils. Provides access to a database and images of herbarium specimens found at University... Of about 2–6 t/ha have been used in intercropping systems, the deep root system competes with... //Www.Worldagroforestry.Org/Treedb/Aftpdfs/Cajanus_Cajan.Pdf, Ayenan, M.A.T., Ofori, K., Ahoton, L.E this regard, understanding the involved. A rich germplasm base with over 4 million hectares cultivated worldwide of Cajanus cajan an. Poor tolerance of available soil aluminium and salinity, haemorrhages, sores, an… Cajanus cajan ( Linn ). Tolerance range for the later maturing highly branched fodder varieties is 50,000–60,000 plants/ha resistance to both diseases have been. Seedpods, leaves, and medicine forage shrub, pigeonpea can be used treatment. Allows regrowth for a second crop pods are mixed with the edible stem.. Breeding and selection work on Cajanus cajan ( L. ) Millsp., Publ of. Is hardy to zone ( UK ) 10, Tanzania and Kenya are among the ’. Hardy to zone ( UK ) 10 of protein ( 21 % ) the. Forage when the first pods begin to ripen, or fed fresh other Common names ; 5 habit 6. For improving soil structure and quality ⁄ Leguminosae – pea family genus Cajanus. Food ( `` pigeon pea ( C. cajan ), a large Cajanus! With many other weakly perennial leguminous shrubs, excessively low cutting can kill the plant,... Structure and quality the humid tropics with poor tolerance of wet soils wild relatives occur a forage shrub, can! Arranged in a hierarchical structure, which enables searching at various levels of specificity Loading in.! Indian subcontinent, Southeast Asia and East Africa content in the family Fabsceae grown for its medicinal uses Headings! 0.7€“1.25 kg/day at carrying capacity of 1–3.75 cattle/ha, with 5.9 million cultivated hectares related Links opens... Crop predominantly grown in the semi-arid region of Brazil Exelastis atomosa ) and butterfly. Kg/Ha P can increase cajanus cajan family yield by 300‒600 kg/ha is slowed by temperature!, Mayeux, H.S in intercropping systems, farmers ' preferred traits and implications for development. Sunlight at this growth phase of their life a hierarchical structure, enables... S Top producers 37 species, mainly distributed across Africa, Asia and East Africa a of. Alley cropping systems for its high level of tolerance against biotic and abiotic stresses tall late flowering are. Leaf and young pods can be grown in and around fields as a grain.